Retaining Wall
Cantilever RC wall · Rankine active pressure · stability and structural design
Geometry
Soil and loads
Materials
All checks pass · FoS overturning 5.62 · sliding 2.14 · toe/heel 51/59 kPa
- Ka = 0.333
- Stem (earth face): Ø10 @ 125 mm (628 mm²/m)
- Toe (bottom): Ø10 @ 125 mm
- Heel (top): Ø10 @ 125 mm
3D view (3 m run)
Checks
- OKOverturning FoS ≥ 2.0 5.62
- OKSliding FoS ≥ 1.5 2.14
- OKResultant in middle third e = -0.04 m ≤ 0.52 m
- OKBearing pressure 51.2 ≤ 200 kPa
- OKStem flexure 628 ≥ 530 mm²/m
- OKStem shear 51.4 ≤ 156.7 kN/m
Calculation
Stability (characteristic)Rankine; EN 1997-1 9.7 (simplified global factors)
| Ka | tan²(45° − φ/2) | 0.333 |
| Active force Pa | ½ Ka γ Ht² + Ka q Ht (Ht = H + slab) | 46.0 kN/m |
| Overturning moment | 58.6 kNm/m | |
| Restoring moment (toe soil ignored) | 329.1 kNm/m | |
| Vertical load ΣW | 170.6 kN/m | |
| FoS overturning | Mstab / Mover | 5.62 |
| FoS sliding | ΣW tan δ / Pa (no passive) | 2.14 |
| Eccentricity e / (B/6) | -0.04 m / 0.52 m | |
| Base pressure toe / heel | 51.2 / 58.9 kPa |
Structural design (ULS)EN 1992-1-1 6.1, 6.2.2, 9.6
| Stem base moment | γG Ka γ H³/6 + γQ Ka q H²/2 | 59.0 kNm/m |
| Stem As,req | d = 352 mm | 405 mm²/m (min 530) |
| Stem provided (earth face) | Ø10 @ 125 = 628 mm²/m | |
| Stem shear VEd / VRd,c | 51.4 / 156.7 kN/m | |
| ULS base pressure toe / heel | 70.6 / 79.7 kPa | |
| Toe moment (bottom bars) | 23.5 kNm/m → Ø10 @ 125 | |
| Heel moment (top bars) | 39.5 kNm/m → Ø10 @ 125 |
Scope: level backfill, Rankine active pressure on a vertical plane at the heel, no water, no passive resistance, global safety factors for stability (not EN 1997 design approaches), toe soil ignored for stability. Results are an aid only and must be verified by a qualified, licensed engineer before use. National Annex presets are recommended values and must be checked against the official documents.